The two most common mental health conditions among older adults are anxiety and depression. Various factors are associated with this, and treatment and support are available.
A certain amount of anxiety is a natural part of life. However, there are times when anxiety can become excessive and begin to affect daily life, which is when it may develop into an anxiety disorder.
Anxiety disorders are different from typical anxious or nervous feelings. They also generally involve physical sensations, tension, and other cognitive (thinking) behaviors.
However, anxiety disorders are treatable with psychotherapy, medications, or a combination of the two.
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The WHO also notes that around 14% of adults ages 60 and over live with a mental health condition. Anxiety disorders account for about 8% of these.
Types of anxiety disorders
There are various types of anxiety disorders:
GAD is among the most common anxiety disorders in older adults. It occurs in 1.2% to 4.6% of older adults within the community.
The symptoms of anxiety disorders can vary by person and type of disorder. However, each one typically involves excessive and persistent worry or fear in situations that are not threatening.
Other symptoms of anxiety can include:
- feeling apprehension or dread
- feeling restless or irritable
- feeling tense or jumpy
- feeling an anticipation of the worst or being watchful for signs of danger
- having a pounding or racing heart and shortness of breath
- having tremors, twitches, or sweating
- having headaches, fatigue, or insomnia
- having frequent urination, diarrhea, or upset stomach
Did you know?
Medicare can help cover mental health services. Medicare Part A covers inpatient mental health treatment. Medicare Part B covers outpatient services, such as general and specialized counseling and psychiatry appointments.
Medicare Part D helps cover the cost of prescription medications, like antidepressants.
Medicare Advantage (Part C) plans also help cover both inpatient and outpatient mental health services.
There are various reasons older adults may experience anxiety disorders. However, the most common associations with anxiety symptoms are:
- feelings of trauma following a fall or acute illness
- a fear of falling
- medical conditions
Other factors that can lead to anxiety disorders include:
- genetics
- stressful or traumatic events, such as:
- the death of a loved one
- abuse
- prolonged illness
It is also important to note that anxiety can also co-occur with late-in-life depression and dementia later in life. There may also not be a known cause for anxiety disorders.
There are minimal studies on medication treatments for anxiety disorders in older adults. However, antidepressants are generally considered first-line treatments for anxiety disorders.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are often used for older adults due to their tolerability and safety profile.
Other treatments may include psychotherapy, either on its own or combined with medication. Treatment may also involve complementary health approaches, such as stress and relaxation techniques.
Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health conditions in older adults. Symptoms may include persistent and excessive fear and worry, along with restlessness, irritability, pounding heart, and shortness of breath.
Causes of anxiety disorders in older adults are often associated with a recent fall, acute illness, or fear of falling. They may also be a co-occurring symptom with medical conditions.
Treatment often involves medications, like antidepressants, and psychotherapy.